Understanding HVAC Capacitors: What They Are and What Can Go Wrong

As an Arizona homeowner, you rely heavily on your HVAC system to keep your home comfortable during scorching summers and chilly winters. One crucial component of your HVAC system that often goes unnoticed until problems arise is the capacitor. Let’s explore what an HVAC capacitor is, its function, and common issues that can occur, especially in our desert climate.

What is an HVAC Capacitor?

An HVAC capacitor is a small, cylindrical device that stores and releases electrical energy. It’s a vital component in your HVAC system, providing the extra boost of power needed to start the compressor and fan motors. Think of it as a temporary battery that delivers a jolt of electricity to get things moving.

There are typically two types of capacitors in your HVAC system:

1. Start capacitors: These provide the initial surge of power to start the motors.
2. Run capacitors: These maintain a continuous electrical charge to keep the motors running smoothly.

Why Capacitors are Crucial for Arizona Homes

In Arizona’s extreme heat, your air conditioning system works overtime. This increased workload puts extra stress on all components, including capacitors. A well-functioning capacitor ensures your system starts quickly and runs efficiently, which is essential for maintaining a cool home and manageable energy bills.

Common Capacitor Problems

Several issues can affect HVAC capacitors, particularly in the Valley of the Sun’s harsh climate:

1. Heat damage: Prolonged exposure to high temperatures can cause the capacitor to bulge, leak, or even burst.
2. Age-related wear: Like all components, capacitors have a limited lifespan. They typically last 10-20 years, but Arizona’s heat can shorten this.
3. Power surges: Electrical storms or power grid issues can overload and damage capacitors.
4. Incorrect sizing: If a replacement capacitor isn’t properly matched to your system’s requirements, it can lead to poor performance or premature failure.

Signs of a Failing Capacitor

Be on the lookout for these symptoms.

1. Delayed start: Your AC takes longer than usual to turn on.
2. Humming sound: You hear a constant humming, but the fan doesn’t start.
3. Intermittent operation: The system turns on and off frequently.

When to Call a Professional

If you suspect capacitor issues, it’s best to call a licensed local HVAC professional. Capacitors store electrical charge and can be dangerous if mishandled. Additionally, a technician can ensure the correct diagnosis and proper replacement if needed. Bruce’s Air Conditioning & Heating professional technicians can inspect, repair or replace your capacitors. Call us today at 480-968-5652 to schedule your appointment.